Thursday, March 3, 2011

When All Else Fails...

The ARRL has adopted the slogan "When All Else Fails..." to highlight the critical role amateur radio plans in the aftermath of natural disasters.  But what happens when "All Else" just fails on its own?  Last week I had yet another opportunity to find out.

Living on the edge of the world has it's communications challenges.  For many years up until around the turn of the century we were served by a robust and multi-layered communications system.  There was a chain of microwave relay sites going south that handled all the telephone and low-bandwidth digital circuits.  Most private networks were carried by satellite.  Commercial HF radio was still widely used across the north for aeronautical and marine communications.  The nascent internet was still a low bit-rate, dial-up affair.  Then the telephone company upgraded it's network.  The old analog equipment was replaced with a new chain of high bandwidth, all-digital microwave sites.  Suddenly, bandwidth was cheap(er) and plentiful.  Companies dropped their private satellite links and leased lines from the telco.  The commercial HF networks were still there but now they were operated remotely from the south.  In the same timeframe, Internet usage exploded and the "cashless society" emerged.  Paper money became passé as most people only carried debit and credit cards.  The digital revolution had finally arrived.

This wasn't the first time everything had come to a screeching halt.  About once or twice a year "the network" goes down.  In the south everything would be instantly re-routed but up here at the end of line that isn't an option.  Usually service is restored within a few hours and until then the stores put up "Cash Only" signs in the window and everyone grumbles about not being able to get on the Internet.  The only difference this time was it went down right before the worst blizzard to hit the area in years.

I got up Friday morning and like most people the first order of business was a cup of coffee and checking my email.  When all the usual troubleshooting failed to make the Internet work I grabbed the phone and dialled a long distance number.  "We're sorry.  Your call cannot be completed."  I had seen the blizzard warning the day before and I knew that we might be without comms for more than just a few hours. I dropped by the mayor's office to discuss emergency communications options, including ham radio, and just about the time I got home it started to snow and the wind picked up.

Visibility was down to near zero as I hunkered down in my shack trailer and started making contacts.  Around lunchtime I touched base with a "local" VY1 station (about 800 miles away) on 40m but most of the day I just ran stations on 20m in JT65 digital mode, smug in the knowlege that my little station was still firmly connected to the outside world.  The storm raged all day and all night.  Saturday morning I went out to discover that the snow had drifted in blocking the door to the shack and even covered the exhaust vent for the little gas heater.  I shovelled the door clear and cleaned the snow out of the heater flue and got back on the radio.  Every fifteen or twenty minutes, though, I had to force the door open and shovel the snow away. By lunchtime I was on the verge of being trapped in the shack and, although I can think of worse places to be trapped, I finally gave up and went into the house.

The storm showed no signs of letting up.  I kept peeking out the window to make sure my antennas were still up and, surprisingly, they stayed up all weekend.  That night the local cell phone company rigged up a satellite link for outgoing long distance calls so at least we had some communications.  I had let all my friends and family know I could get messages out via ham radio if they needed but most only wanted to update their Facebook status.  It was around this time that the novelty of the whole situation started to wear thin.  With no ATMs or debit card machines machines we pooled our cash and made a run to the store for necessities.  Canada has always been far ahead of the rest of the world in electronic banking and particularly so here in the north where banks are few and far between but just then it didn't seem so great.  It was lucky that we just happened to have a few hundred dollars in cash on hand because usually we don't.  Others weren't so fortunate and had to beg or borrow to get by.

On Sunday the winds let up little but at least it stopped snowing.  I got called into work to deal with storm-related issues out there and by mid-afternoon when I got home the winds had finally abated enough to start digging.  The snow was almost to the top of the door on the shack and I spent the rest of the afternoon shovelling.  And shovelling.  And shovelling.  By nightfall I was back in the shack and had all the steps and sidewalk clear.

Monday morning the winds were finally calm and the sun was out.  The phones and internet came back up and life quickly returned to normal.  I spent the rest of the day looking for my truck...

I know I left my truck around here somewhere.


Friday, January 21, 2011

NanoSail-D: Sailing the New Sea

"We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people." - JFK 1962

The idea seems simple enough. Have a sail that can capture the solar wind and use it to propel a spacecraft. This is the concept behind NASA’s Nanosail-D satellite. A joint project between NASA’s Ames Research Center and NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, Nanosail-D was launched in November 2010 as a sub-satellite riding on another NASA research satellite called FASTSAT. The mission was at first thought to be lost when the Nanosail satellite failed to eject from FASTSAT however on January 19th the satellite unexpectedly popped out of its carrier and began transmitting telemetry data. NASA quickly issued an appeal to amateur radio operators across the world to assist it in collecting data from the satellite.

The next day I got an email from a local ham and avid space enthusiast Nelson, VE8NE, looking to borrow a yagi antenna and a UHF handheld radio to try to receive the signal from Nanosail-D. I knew from experience that picking up the low-powered signal from a tiny microsatellite is really not something you want to attempt for the first time, outside at 35 below zero, and in the dark, so I invited Nelson to come over in the evening and we’d use my satellite station to receive the data.

Now all this wasn’t really news to me. I’d seen the request from NASA in passing but it didn’t strike me as anything unusual. The use of amateur radio frequencies on tiny research satellites is not uncommon and neither is asking the amateur radio community for assistance to downlink the telemetry. It’s usually a rather ho-hum kind of deal but as I looked into this one I realized that it was actually going to do something exciting. Exactly three days after being released from the
"mother-ship" the satellite was programmed to automatically unfurl a gigantic solar sail and that 72-hour timer was due to run out tonight! A quick check of the orbital parameters showed that the satellite would pass by several times and, shortly after the sail was set to deploy, it would pass almost directly overhead. Looking at the ground track I also realized that the satellite would be flying over mostly open ocean on that particular orbit and we might even be one of the first stations to confirm the sail deployment. Needless to say, I got more interested in a hurry!

I dug up the data format for the telemetry frames and hacked up a quick Excel spreadsheet to decode the data so we could tell what was happening. Shortly before the first pass Nelson arrived and we got everything set up. My entire station is automated so once the satellite came over the horizon all I had to do was push a button. The exact position of the satellite is computed mathematically based on the current orbital elements, our precise location on the earth, and the exact time. The tracking software calculates the antenna pointing angles and passes that data to my antenna control program. It also figures out how much to adjust the receiver frequency to compensate for the Doppler shift as the satellite approaches and passes that information along to the radio control program. Finally, the signal from the radio is fed back into the computer sound card where another program turns the received audio back into digital data and displays it on the screen.

The first pass was a bit of a disappointment. The signal was much weaker than I had anticipated and all we decoded were a few partial data packets. As the satellite disappeared over the North Pole and passed over Europe we watched the Twitter feed coming from mission control at Santa Clara University in San Francisco to see if there was any news. A ham in the Netherlands had stayed up late to help relay data (it was the middle of the night there) but the last bits he was able to capture were still a few minutes before the sail was supposed to deploy. Nanosail-D slid down the far side of the world and headed over Antarctica as mission control pleaded on Twitter for someone to send them the data that would confirm whether their experiment had worked or not. Anyone in Australia or New Zealand? What about Hawaii? Alaska? Anyone..?

While we were waiting I had re-calibrated the antennas and moments after the computer said the satellite was back in range we could hear the signals from space. Nelson climbed up on the roof of the shack to see if the satellite (now supposedly sporting a 110 square foot solar sail) was visible to the naked eye while I stayed down below and tweaked the digital filters as the signals got stronger. Finally, after numerous partial decodes, a complete telemetry frame appeared on the screen followed 10 seconds later by another. I quickly pasted the data into my spreadsheet and there it was: SAIL DEPLOYED!



Screen shot of the decoded telemetry. The sail deployed right on schedule!


I hollered to Nelson (still up on the roof) that we got it and immediately transferred one of the frames to NASA with the comment "Merry Christmas!" in the notes field. After Nelson announced on Twitter that we got the confirmation of sail deploy, the guys at mission control asked us (via Twitter) to also send the data to them by email. Shortly after that here is what they posted:

@NanosailD I have data from @naeisel and am checking. First look is promising. Sorry that I have to verify and confirm. Will let everyone know soon.

@NanosailD John @naeisel has done it! I have two valid data sets and both have the correct signatures.


@NanosailD NanoSail-D has sent data that it deployed the sail. Will wait until tomorrow morning for ground based tracking to confirm.

I got a nice email from NASA the next morning confirming that our data was good and we were the first station to report the indications they had been looking for. Never a dull moment in this hobby!

73
John - VE8EV



The automatic confirmation page received after submitting telemetry.

Tuesday, January 11, 2011

VE8SUN - Here Comes The Sun

Living above the Arctic Circle gets me the strangest gift from Mother Nature on my birthday. Every year on December 6th the sun sets and doesn't rise again the next day. Or the next week. In fact, it doesn't come up again for a whole month. After 30 days the sun finally peeks above the horizon for a few minutes and then a bit higher and longer every day after that. The good citizens of Inuvik, Northwest Territories celebrate the return of the sun every year with the Inuvik Sunrise Festival. Bonfires, fireworks, and other public events help to kick off the new year and remind everyone that the days will only be getting longer and warmer from this point on.

To share the fun with everyone else, the Inuvik Amateur Radio Club decided to run a special event station this year in conjunction with the festival. I applied for and received the callsign VE8SUN and on the advertised date we fired up the VE8EV mobile shack. The aurora was pretty heavy so we mostly stuck to 15 and 20 meters. As the electronic overcast flared and subsided it was interesting to hear a big pileup of loud stations calling one minute and then dead silence on the next over. To make up for the lack of HF propagation we also worked the satellites, which generated a surprising percentage of our total contacts!

It was a very pleasant experience to operate with a different style than my usual contest or DXpedition QSO machine. No matter how many were calling I did try to spend a minute or two passing along interesting tidbits about the event and the unusual QTH, although with the unstable conditions it was sometimes difficult. I worked several ops that had visited Inuvik before (either for work or pleasure) and even worked one station in Arctic Norway that was located further north than we were and wasn't expecting their sun to return for another two weeks!


After a lengthly absence the sun just peeks over the horizon.


Full-colour QSLs and certificates will be printed shortly and should be available in a month or so. For QSL details click here.

73
John - VE8EV

Sunday, December 19, 2010

RAC Winter Contest

Call: VE8RAC
Operator(s): VE8EV VE8DW
Station: VE8EV

Class: M/M HP
QTH: Inuvik, NT
Operating Time (hrs): 7

Summary:
Band CW Qs Ph Qs CW Mults Ph Mults
----------------------------------------
160:
80:
40: 29 3 6 3
20: 31 493 7 8
15: 56 6 5 2
10:
6:
2:
----------------------------------------
Total: 116 512 18 13 Total Score = 109,120

Club:

Comments:

+11 RAC

A little bit of aurora made for a bumpy ride most of the day but we had some great runs whenever it lifted. Spent a lot of time on 15m and 40m but twenty was the only band that really opened to anywhere. Thanks to Radio Amateurs of Canada for the snappy callsign and Wally VE8DW for manning the second chair.

73
John VE8EV

Sunday, December 12, 2010

ARRL 10 VE8EV SO Mixed HP

Call: VE8EV
Operator(s): VE8EV
Station: VE8EV

Class: SO Mixed HP
QTH: Inuvik, NT
Operating Time (hrs): 10

Summary:
Band QSOs Mults
-------------------
CW: 112
SSB: 182
-------------------
Total: 294 72 Total Score = 58,464

Club:

Comments:

Fairly casual effort, just Saturday afternoon and Sunday til 2230z. I could follow the "2pm peak" across North America on both days. Zero rate until 2pm in New England when suddenly the band lit up with W1's and slowly tracked west until it was just 6's calling around 2pm Pacific and then died out after that. Had a lot of fun especially on CW!

73
John - VE8EV

Sunday, December 5, 2010

ARRL 160 VE8EV M/S HP

Call: VE8EV
Operator(s): VE8EV
Station: VE8EV

Class: M/S HP
QTH: Inuvik, NT
Operating Time (hrs): 9

Summary:
Total: QSOs = 50 Sections = 38 Countries = 12 Total Score = 5,168

Club:

Comments:

I had a home renovation project go into extra innings and wasn't able to get on until Saturday afternoon. The K-index was 0 or 1 the entire time and I thought I'd be able to do better than 50 Q's! Ratio of heard to worked was about 2:1. I spent a lot of time CQing but not many takers. I got spotted twice and that was directly responsible for about half my QSO's. I'll have a better antenna next year.
73
John - VE8EV